Tag Archives: India

Famous Libra Celebrities

Those who belong to the Libra sun sign are born between September 24 and October 23. Libra is the only inanimate sign of the zodiac and those who are born under this sun sign are known for their charm, elegance and good taste. They are also extremely gentle and are natural lovers of harmony and beauty. Given below are 5 famous Libra celebrities.

Brigitte Anne-Marie Bardot is a famous French actress and singer. She has acted in several films and became famous for her role in Roger Vadim’s film, -And God Created Women-. She has also won several awards for her lively roles.

Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was the first lady of the United States who supported the New Deal policies of her husband, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. She continued to be a speaker, politician, international author and activist for the New Deal coalition even after her husband’s demise.

Henry Graham Greene was a popular English playwright and author whose works explore the political and moral issues of the modern world. His works were based on Catholic religious themes. The Power and the Glory, Brighton Rock, The End of the Affair are some of his leading works.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2 October 1869 and was a great ideological leader of India during the Independence movement. He firmly believed in the concepts of Ahimsa and Satyagrapha. His leadership and philosophy enabled India to become free from the British rule. He also inspired movements for freedom and civil rights across the world.

T. S. Eliot was a famous U.S born British playwright, literary critic and poet of the 20th century. Some of his best-known poems in the English language include The Hollow Men, The Waste Land, Ash Wednesday and others. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1948.

The aforesaid celebrities were known for their well balanced work and good perception skills. Librans are also known for their critical ability with which they are able to view their own efforts as well as those of others. While some may be content with what they have, others may be very ambitious. Librans can succeed as lawyers, administrators, lawyers, bankers, artists and civil servants.

Civil Interior Contractors

The Civil contractors play the important role in construction and renovation of a building. These contractors work as a team, while put their best in rendering unique services for residential interiors, commercial interiors, office interiors, renovation and maintenance works and other consultant projects. Their team includes dedicated civil engineers,interior designers and architects,whom they make complete use of advanced methodologies and techniques to, give quality output.

Civil interior contractors in India hold great technical exposure and experience about the modern interior stream. Their designs are unique and trendy, which suits well to the atmosphere. They handle projects on contract basis, thy clients could choose according to their needs.

Delhi, the leading city with high buildings has quality interior designers and affordable contractors. Civil interior contractors in Delhi work on a standard goal to meet customer satisfaction. Their interior themes are unique and classy, which each of the furniture range are modeled to offer best design with efficient remodeling options.

The civil interior firms in and around Delhi are mostly direct owner operated concerns, where the clients could trust for quality and better output. These civil contractors use only high-class modular furniture, as it holds more benefits than the other ordinary range. Some of the affordable contract options available for commercial and consultant projects are

Project based contract: This is a consumer friendly option. The complete details and estimation of the project will be first decided between the civil contractors and the client. The client has to pay the fixed sum and the contractor takes full charge to complete and hand over the project as on fixed period at the estimated cost.

Short-term or Renovation contract: This is most affordable means for clients opting for renovation solutions. The civil interiors analyze, design and fix the best range of modular furniture with remodeling features.

Fixed contract: The contract is paid for the work completed on-site. The other
expenditures will be accepted by the clients. Thecivil interiors help the clients with plan, model and accommodation features.

The civil engineers analyze the complete process with checking strictly on quality, guarantee and affordability in the raw materials.

Information About Civil Services Exam in India

The Civil Services of India known simply as the Civil Services refer to the civil service and the permanent official procedure of the Government of India. The civil service system is the backbone of the administrative machinery of the country.

Civil Services Exam is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) every year. This exam happens in three stages, the prelims, mains and personal interviews. The preliminary stage consists of two papers, Civil Services Aptitude Test (CSAT) and general studies (GS).

Eligibility for Civil Services Entrance Exam:

Nationality

For Indian Administrative Service, a candidate should be a citizen of India. For Indian Foreign Service and other services, a candidate should be one of the following: A citizen of India A Tibetan refugee who came over to India before 01/01/1962 with the intention of permanently settling in India A person of Indian origin who has migrated from other countries with the intention of permanently settling in India (detailed list of countries available on official website)

Age Limit

A candidate must be atleast 21 years of age and less than 30 years of age as on the date mentioned under the UPSC examination notification.

Educational Qualification

A candidate who possesses professional and technical qualification recognised by Government equivalent to the professional and technical degree can also apply.

A candidate who has appeared for the final year of bachelor’s degree and awaiting result, along with candidates who intend to appear at such qualifying examinations can also apply, provided that they submit their proof of qualification along with the application for the Mains exam.

A candidate must be a graduate from a recognized university or a deemed university.

Scheme of CS (Preliminary) Examination

This examination is meant to serve as a screening test only; the marks obtained in this Examination by the candidates who are declared qualified for admission to the Main Examination will not be counted for determining their final order of merit.

The number of candidates to be acknowledged to the Main Examination will be about twelve to thirteen times the total approximate number of vacancies to be filled in the year in the many Services and Posts. Only those candidates who are declared by the Commission to have capable in the Preliminary Examination in the year will be eligible for admission to the Main Examination of that year provided they are otherwise eligible for admission to the Main Examination.

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Singhania University Rajasthan An epitome of Innovation in education!

Singhania University which is one of the top universities in Rajasthan has been established by the Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Distt. Jhunjhunu (Rajasthan) Ordinance 2007. Singhania University is established by government of Rajasthan and is recognized as per the section 2f of UGC act, 1956. As per the location, above mentioned top university in Rajasthan is about 160 kms from West of Delhi and about 165 kms from North of Jaipur. This top university of Rajasthan is the first placement and research oriented university in Rajasthan. Singhania University Rajasthan comes under one of the top universities in India regarding the wide variety of courses it offers and excellent course curriculum it follows.

Singhania University mainly offers courses in four fields of education and higher studies, namely, Engineering, Management, Bio-Technology and Allied Health Sciences. For example regarding engineering and medical courses, this top university in Rajasthan provides diploma and degree courses in areas like automobile, civil, mechanical, computer, information technology, communication, industrial production and architecture etc. Apart from these diploma and degree courses Singhania University also offers some postgraduate degree courses like MBA, MCA, MSc. and M-Tech. Singhania University also provides some certificate and diploma courses like Medical lab technology (MLT); Up- Vaidya; Yoga; Homeopathy Pharmacy; First Aid; MLT; Electro-Cardio-Graphy and radio Imaging Technology( DERT); ECG technology; Live stock and veterinary Science (VLDA). Some of these courses are really unconventional and equally exciting to pursue.

Singhania University is an epitome of world-class infrastructure, highly qualified and dedicated faculties and excellent environment for academic and intellectual growth of students. The Top University in India, Singhania University focuses on comprehensive growth of the students, working on their hearts and minds by giving full concentration to their academic, cultural, physical and social needs in an environment of continuous interaction and growth that is favorable for the enrichment of mind and body. The faculty of Singhania University Rajasthan is fully committed and extremely talented. Teachers invest all their skills and knowledge to impart quality education to the students as they are the ones who will shape the future of our country. Singhania University is renowned not only to produce excellent academic results but also to produce excellent and successful professionals those can face the challenges of the world. At Singhania University special emphasis is given to communication skills and personality development. The uniqueness of the curriculum and various programmes of this one the most prestigious universities in Rajasthan lies in promoting a strong passion in the students not just for studies but for all round excellence with perfection; for meeting the challenges head on with due emphasis on ethical and moral values which are the most important to build a strong character. Singhania University produces knowledgeable young citizens capable of creating a better and prosperous India through inter-cultural understanding and respect for the humanity

Scope For Civil Engineers In Outside India

The civil engineering industry outside India is at a stage where the demand and supply is growing at a thriving force and that is due to growing properties, increased real estate value, urban population, and most importantly the innovation in creative design and implementation.Significant structures from the past such as Taj Mahal, the great pyramid of Giza, the golden gate bridge, Stonehenge in Britain, the Roman coliseum, and the Great Wall of China have gifted this world with such wonder inspiring beauty and human excellence pinnacle and they have set the examples by standing as the oldest branches of engineering. The construction industry today has tried to innovate and implement and build better since the last few decades.

Amongst all branches of engineering, the range and application of civil engineering is the broadest and the most visible. In fact, the entire infrastructural framework of a modern nation is the creation of civil engineers. The credit of building mighty power plants, dams, airports, sea ports, highways, inland waterways and industrial plants goes to civil engineers. These professionals are also engaged in building an unending array of urban structures such as commercial complexes, skyscrapers, tunnels, bridges, roads, urban rapid transport systems, sports stadium and so on. Since time immemorial, human beings have been engaged in building all kinds of edifices. From huts made of mud to palaces to monumental examples in building, the civil engineering industry has definitely come a long way. Indian engineers are in high demand in Asia, Africa and the middle-east. Those graduating from reputed engineering institutes of India also manage jobs in developed countries.

The employment opportunities abroad are very appealing but sometimes it also carries a certain amount of risk. For instance, Indian engineers involved in construction work in Afghanistan have been repeatedly targeted by terrorists. So the decision to go abroad should be taken after considering all the possible scenarios and your own priorities in life and career. As civilizations matured, it simultaneously led to the development of bigger, better and diverse structures. And the scope to improve better and being better than the best have given a large amount of hope in countries in Europe, Middle-east, and North America. Asia and Africa too have been seeing some of the most outstanding and brilliant pieces of architecture in this decade, one such example is the Bang Na Expressway.

These civilian structures have played a significant role in the development of human race and gave various dimensions to human life as various activities evolved: social, political, economic and recreational.
In the past few years, the demand for civil engineers has exceeded the supply. The growth in economy and exceeding demand for well qualified and experienced civil engineers has resulted in towering pay levels. Shortage of 7,000 civil engineers is witnessed by India every year. Therefore, no civil engineer can go without a job after his graduation. As a civil engineer, good job opportunities will await at your doorstep. Some of the most attractive designations that most civil engineers sweeping are in coastal and ocean engineering, structural engineering, and earthquake engineering. In the latest developing times with architecture and engineering, environmental engineering is making headlines across many countries and the remuneration is also quite attractive as per many industry experts.

Civil Engineering and Construction Jobs in India

Civil Engineering is considered to be one of the oldest engineering disciplines among others like mechanical, electrical, chemical, military, aeronautical, and software engineering. Civil Engineering deals with planning, designing and executing construction activities that include physical and natural structures. It involves structuring public works like roads, buildings, bridges, canals, tunnels, airports, dams, ports, sewage systems and multitude of others. It takes place on all levels in both public and private sectors, from municipal to federal and from individual homeowners to international companies.

Civil Engineering is generally divided into several sub-disciplines that could be: (a) environmental engineering, (b) geotechnical engineering, (c) structural engineering, (d) transportation engineering, (e) municipal or urban engineering, (f) Water resources engineering, (g) materials engineering, (h) coastal engineering, (i) Construction engineering and (j) research engineering. Being such a vast field, civil engineering jobs in India are, of course, in plenty and with boom in real estate sector of the country, they have grown in numbers. It has always been one of the hottest professions with high demand for experts and professionals from this area.

Civil Engineering is one of the most superior or high-ranking professions in India. The need for improvement in infrastructure to match the international standards is realized today, generating jobs for civil engineers. Infrastructure of our country is either not very robust or too old to bear the shocks from natural calamities or otherwise. Many roads need immediate repair; sewage systems require constant attention; various flyovers and bridges have to be built and a lot of other structural maintenance and development works is also due. All such activities ask for services from engineers so that these multifarious problems can be solved properly.

Profile of Civil Engineers

The primary responsibility of civil engineers is to plan and design a project, construct it to the required scale and maintain the product. Not only high levels of engineering knowledge but supervisory and administrative skills are also required. Planning projects involve site investigation, feasibility studies, coming up with solutions to possible complications and the actual structural designing. Civil engineers have to work according to the guidelines of the local government authority and get plans approved by them. Preparing cost estimates, setting construction schedules, maintenance and repair of work is also an important part of their job. Construction work also implies dealing with clients, contractors, government officials, architects and supervision of work.

Henceforth, civil engineers are responsible for designing and administering the construction of public structures and facilities like roads, bridges etc. Most of the companies demand specific specializations suitable to the respective job profile.

Like in other fields, civil engineering and construction jobs usually start on a low responsibility note. As an employee demonstrates his level of proficiency in the field, tasks become more and more responsible. The job opportunities for civil engineers are diverse as well as dynamic as they work in diverse settings varying from a plush modern office to a job site in remote areas. Also, more often than not, construction jobs may involve traveling within or maybe outside the city.

Team work and coordination plays a crucial role for civil engineers as they mostly work in big teams. Construction professionals can work in state or central government projects as well as in private concerns or overseas. Civil engineering jobs also include being a supervisor of the construction site; a managerial position in design or research and teaching in both government and private services. The option of working as independent consultants is also open to civil engineering professionals.

The scope for civil engineering and construction jobs in India is huge, you may start exploring options with help of job portals like naukri.com, India’s leading job site.

Deepika writes on behalf of Naukri.com, the no.1 job portal in India.She writes on topics like Engineering Jobs, Jobs and increasing work concentration.

Best Lawyers In History

Lawyers often get a bad rap for a variety of reasons and the public generally views them as amoral but necessary nuisances. And while some lawyers very easily fit this description (see Devil’s Advocate: History’s Most Controversial Lawyers), it would be a grave mistake to lump all attorney’s into this unfortunate stereotype. After all, a court of law was amongst the first societal innovations to accompany the rise of civilization, and in the same way that there are two sides to every story – there are two lawyers in every trial.

So in an effort to pay tribute to some our great unsung courtroom cowboys, we’ve listed the greatest lawyers in history.

Abraham Lincoln
Though Abraham Lincoln is most known for his battle to end slavery as the 16th President of the United States, many are unaware of his earlier career battling in the court of law.

Born in Kentucky to a family of uneducated farmers, Lincoln left his humble upbringings to travel to New Salem, Illinois where he worked a variety of odd jobs all while teaching himself the inner-workings of law. When he was finally granted the right to practice as an attorney, he got to work immediately and quickly became one of Illinois’ most formidable lawyers. During his tenure as a lawyer, he tackled any kind of case imaginable- including trials for medical malpractice, corporate misconduct, murder, slander, fraud and many more.

In retrospect, it’s easy to see how Lincoln’s 20+ year long career as an attorney helped shape him into the masterful politician he would later become by sharpening his debate skills and keeping him in touch with the issues that matter to the public. And considering the fact that he went on to become one of the nation’s greatest Presidents should stand as evidence that being a lawyer doesn’t necessarily make you a lowlife- it just predisposes you to being a lowlife, which makes it all the more impressive that Lincoln turned out so cool.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
The fact that this guy is credited for having liberated India from tyranny, influenced a sweeping world-wide trend towards civil rights and became the de facto spiritual leader for a generation might make it surprising to know that he was also a gifted attorney. But such was the man, the myth, the legend of Gandhi.

Gandhi’s career as a lawyer began in London during the late 1800’s where he received his degree in law. He later moved to South Africa to pursue a career in law, but upon arrival he was faced with extreme racial prejudice against him and other Indians. After being beaten and discriminated against, he became involved in civil rights cases defending other Indian immigrants. A crucial moment in his life as a lawyer came after he refused to remove his turban during a court trial – an event that inspired his move towards activism and non-violent civil protest.

After being imprisoned in South Africa for his activism, Gandhi returned to India where he led the fight against the tyrannical British Empire, eventually resulting in India’s independence.

Though Gandhi’s career in law was ultimately overshadowed by his spiritual and political guidance, his history as a lawyer is still enough for him to qualify for this list – as if he needed another excuse to go down in history.

Thurgood Marshall
Even more than Martin Luther King or Malcolm X, the rise of the civil rights movement and eradication of discriminatory laws against African-Americans can be attributed to the work of Thurgood Marshall. Whereas Martin Luther King and others led the battles in the streets, Thurgood Marshall led the battles in the court and has easily become one of America’s most historic lawyers.

After receiving his law degree from Howard University in 1933, Marshall set up a practice in Baltimore where he began taking on major civil rights cases and quickly became one of the country’s most prominent lawyers, winning his first Supreme Court case at the age of 32.

His most famous case came in 1954 with the now historic Brown v. Board of Education trial which overturned the infamous “separate but equal” laws that had been enforced since the abolition of slavery in the 1800’s.

In total, Marshall won 29 of the 32 cases he argued before the Supreme Court and later went on to become the first African-American to serve as a Supreme Court Justice- a position he held for nearly 25 years. Ultimately, Thurgood Marshall’s successes in law represents one of the brightest times in the judicial system’s history and provided proof to the efficacy of the American court of law.

Alan Dershowitz
Alan Dershowitz is one of the most famous lawyers in the world and he has won numerous distinctions for his work in civil rights. Newsweek has called him “[one of] the most distinguished defenders of individual rights,” and Time describes him as being “a sort of judicial St Jude,” all of which combine to make him one of the greatest lawyers in history and the only attorney on this list still practicing.
Dershowitz graduated from Yale Law School first in his class in 1962 where he was editor-in-chief of the Yale Law Journal. He then went on to join the faculty of Harvard Law where he became the youngest full professor of law in Harvard’s history at the age of 28.

During his time as an attorney, he practiced a great deal of criminal law and was involved in several of the country’s most high-profile court cases, including the trials of Patricia Hearst, Leona Helmsley, Mike Tyson and OJ Simpson. He has since become one of Israel’s most outspoken defenders and is a recipient of the William O Douglas First Amendment Award from the Anti-Defamation League for his work on civil rights.

Though Derschowitz has also been the source of much controversy, his battle for civil rights and his prodigal understanding of law will undoubtedly go down as his greatest legacy, which is why Alan Dershowitz tops off this list of history’s greatest lawyers.

New Archaeologists use various methods that come in civil services exam

Archaeologists use various methods for finding out how old various settlements are. Let us see how Marshall concluded that the Harappan civilization was About Indus valley five thousand years old and not one thousand years old, as believed by Cunningham. Marshall found that the seals, sealings, written script and works of art found in Harappa were totally different from those with which scholars were already familiar and which belonged to a much later period. Similar finds were reported in another place called Mohenjodaro in Sind. In Mohenjodaro the settlement lay underneath a Buddhist monastery belonging to the Kushan period. It has been found that in ancient times if a house was destroyed for some reason people would generally use the brick or mud of the house to prepare a plinth and make another house on top of it. Thus, if an archaeologist excavates an area and finds remains of a house beneath another house, he can figure out that the one below is older than the one above. That is why the deeper he digs the earlier he moves in the time scale. Thus, Marshall could find out that the houses $low the Buddhist monastery must have been older than the Kushan period. Then, there was the evidence that people living in these settlements did not know the use of iron. This meant that these cities were part of an age when iron was unknown. Iron came in use in the beginning of the second millennium B.C. Mesopotamian cities came into existence in the early 3rd millennium B.C. Thus, if anything Harappan was discovered in the ancient cities of Mesopotamia it would indicate that the people of Harappa lived at the same time. With these evidences scholars could figure out that the conclusions of the local population and Cunningham were incorrect. Marshall’s chronology of Harappa has been further supported by new methods of dating, such as Radio carbon dating. Thus, scholars accept the following chronology for the Pre-Harappan and Harappan cultures.

Civil Services examination

begins with the discovery of Harappa and history of India, nearly thousand settlements having similar traits have been discovered. Scholars named it the ‘Indus Valley Civilization’ because initially most of the settlements were discovered in the plains of the river Indus and its tributaries. Archaeologists however prefer, to call it the ‘Harappan Civilization’. This is because in archaeology there is a convention that when an ancient culture is described, it is named after the modem name of the site which first revealed the existence of this culture. We do not know what those people called themselves because we have not been able to read their writing. Thus, we call them Harappans after the modern place Harappa where the evidence of this forgotten civilization was first unearthed in our times.

Cultural Differences And Weddings

The cultural differences factor in to wedding events, and how the wedding is organized. Some weddings are artistically designed while others are civil.

India weddings for example are much different from other cultures. The cultural differences are denoted as Hindu weddings and often it involves bright events, which may continue for many days. Most times the India weddings are large events whereas more than 1000 sometimes attend.
Most of the people who attend India weddings either know or are related to the bride and groom.

Most times the marriages are arranged. In urban areas though love marriages take place. The original weddings though are about family socially wedded whereas little emphasis is placed on the individuals.

Traditions vary across caste, religion, language, ethnicity, and region for the most part. Most times the weddings are pre-prepared and consist of Varmala, Phere, and Baraat and finally Vidaai. In each part of India, however wedding events have slight or even something huge cultural differences. In some areas and before the big day of a Hindu wedding in the eastern parts, Bariksha occurs. What this means is that the groom has established an agreement with the parents and that the intentions of him marrying the bride is known.

Tilak is another part of Hindu weddings, which involve the parents of the bride traveling to the groom’s resident to formalize their relationship. During this time, a large meal is prepared by the groom’s family.

Once these actions occur, it is highly rare that the couple will not get married. In our area, in the United States though, those cultural differences change because our law allows practically all immorally wrong behaviors that are not subject to prosecution by their standards.

At India weddings Varmala and Jaimala is the next step to the altar once the couple’s parents have feasted and formalized the marriage. Most of the east and north parts of India celebrate weddings during the late hours. Many of them start at the stroke of midnight and can last although the night.

In America, most weddings take place during the day hours and lasts a couple of hours. Usually, the main event of the wedding involves the groom appearing with his family in a Baraat. There is also a reception and feast accompanying the wedding ceremony, so the chief ceremony is often split into two sections. The two sections may include the Varmala and the Reception, which is followed by a ritualistic event that involves the priest.

Once the groom arrives at the wedding, the Jaimala ceremony begins and the bride and groom joins to exchange the garlands. Once the ceremonial event ends, the well-wishers congratulate the couple and give their gifts. Everyone gets together to eat after.

In the USA most times weddings emphasis is placed on the couple and in many events, family is less important. In other words, India people place more emphasis on family and holding marriages together while many American’s have lost so much morale and value; it is commonplace for men and women here to divorce on about any ground.

Importance of Civil Services in India

Civil Services are the spine of System of India. They are the supports of Country’s Legal System since Civil services Officers take profession of Particular Departments of the Civil Framework of the nation. There are Two All India Civil Services named – Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and Indian Foreign Service (IFS). They grasp a mysterious appeal as a profession. There are lots of jobs which are profitable and prominent that comprises engineering, management, Medical and the Information Technology sector. But nobody can match the position of civil services which command an esteem and pleasure like no other. Even the near and beloved ones of Civil Servants are too edge with satisfaction when they refer to the “IAS” man or woman in their relatives. >

Being a part of choice-making that impacts lives of huge number of individuals and the chances to serve people in diverse sectors makes IAS And other Civil services Dream profession for many. A civil servant is a government worker who is accepted based on the competitive exams seized by UPSC (union public service commission). These exams are extremely hard to crack and need a lot of hard work and willpower. For IAS, for instance, two exams are held, the IAS mains exams and the preliminary more generally acknowledged as CSAT (civil service aptitude test).

The initial stage of the civil services exam is the CSAT which is multiple choice question type tests and includes two papers common to all applicants. The triumphant applicants who have skilled the CSAT examination becomes eligible to sit for the IAS main exams. Though this is not all just emergence victorious in the civil services main examinations are not sufficient, there is as well a third stage to pass via which is the interview. Only those who have the courage enough to pass through all the three tests quite productively can think of becoming an IAS officer in the future. The applicants who are successful in cracking this daydream examination do not need to gaze back in their lives yet again.

The difficulty standard of the CSAT is obvious with the number of applicants who are able to pass it each year, out of the numerous who apply for it. Though, each year, many applicants work hard, prepare the syllabus carefully and practice the question paper numerous times to become a part of India’s most desirable career choice.

Get tips for IAS mains, tips for csat and download syllabus for civil services at jagranjosh.com